IT operations and DevOps serve closely related needs at many modern businesses. Yet, although there are many similarities between the two roles, there are also important differences, and it would be a mistake to conflate IT operations with DevOps.
This article breaks down the similarities and differences between IT Ops and DevOps by explaining what each type of role does; how they compare in terms of processes, tools, and culture; and how to decide whether your business needs IT operations, DevOps, or both.
IT operations, also known as ITOps, is the process of managing the day-to-day activities of an organization's information technology (IT) infrastructure. This includes everything from installing and maintaining hardware and software to managing network and security protocols to providing technical support for employees and customers.
IT operations are an integral part of every organization's IT strategy. It helps ensure that the organization's IT infrastructure is efficient, secure, and cost-effective.
DevOps is a set of practices that combine software development (Dev) and information-technology operations (Ops) to optimize the software development life cycle.
By leveraging tools, practices, and philosophies that emphasize communication, collaboration, integration, automation, and measurement of cooperation between software developers and IT operations professionals, DevOps aims to improve the speed and quality of software delivery.
Historically, most larger businesses had IT operations departments and development departments that operated independently. Starting in the late 2000s, the DevOps model emerged as a means of bringing ITOps and software development into better alignment and ensuring that ITOps engineers and developers supported each other instead of working at cross purposes.
This means that to do DevOps, you need ITOps first, in most cases. But ITOps is only one part of DevOps.
Broadly speaking, IT operations and DevOps are similar because both functions help to manage and optimize IT resources within a business. However, as we explain below, they do this in different ways, and they have different areas of focus.
If you've read this far, you know that IT operations are part of DevOps. The other part of DevOps is software development, and the core goal of DevOps is to bring ITOps and software development teams into collaboration.
Thus, the main difference between DevOps and ITOps is that DevOps focuses on collaboration between teams to improve automation and deployment processes, while ITOps focuses on the core technology infrastructure, such as servers and networks.
A variety of other differences distinguish ITOps from DevOps in terms of the way each type of team thinks, functions, or operates.
IT operations teams are organized into specific roles, such as system administration, network administration, database administration, and technical support. In contrast, most DevOps teams are composed simply of DevOps engineers.
In addition, there is more variation in the way organizations structure and manage their DevOps teams than there is for ITOps. Some businesses maintain stand-alone DevOps teams, which operate separately from ITOps and software development teams. In other cases, businesses embed DevOps engineers into their IT operations and/or software development teams.
So, when it comes to team structure, ITOps has a deeper and more consistent hierarchy than DevOps.
The processes that ITOps and DevOps focus on are different. ITOps is primarily concerned with processes related to deploying systems, monitoring them for issues, and responding to problems within production infrastructure and applications.
In contrast, DevOps concentrates on the software delivery process. DevOps engineers focus on optimizing software design, coding, testing, and deployment processes. Although DevOps teams might also help manage software once it is in production, that responsibility falls primarily to ITOps at most organizations rather than to DevOps.
There is some overlap between ITOps and DevOps tools. For example, both types of roles can use infrastructure-as-code (IaC) tools to help configure infrastructure.
But for the most part, DevOps has its own set of tools, which focus on optimizing the software delivery process. DevOps engineers use continuous integration (CI) servers to integrate newly written code, for example, and they might leverage test automation frameworks to help assess whether a new application build is ready for production.
In contrast, most ITOps tools are geared toward monitoring and managing production environments. ITOps teams use observability software to detect problems with production applications, and they leverage incident management platforms to help respond to performance or availability problems.
It's hard to generalize about ITOps versus DevOps culture because culture can vary widely from one organization to the next or even from one particular team to the next.
But on the whole, it's fair to say that DevOps emphasizes collaboration as a core cultural value to a greater extent than ITOps. This isn't to say that IT operations engineers don't care about collaboration; they do, and indeed, different types of IT operations engineers (like systems and network admins) need to collaborate with each other on a frequent basis.
Still, because achieving collaboration across teams is the foundational purpose of DevOps, DevOps generally has a stronger cultural commitment to collaboration — particularly collaboration between different types of teams — than does ITOps.
IT operations and DevOps teams can both use the cloud, but they tend to use it in different ways.
For DevOps teams, the cloud is valuable as a platform for implementing software delivery cycles. By building and testing code directly in the cloud, DevOps teams can increase the velocity of software delivery and avoid the risks associated with deploying applications that were built in one environment into a separate, cloud-based environment.
For ITOps, the cloud is a place to build production environments that host applications. ITOps teams may also use various types of cloud-based services to monitor and troubleshoot applications running in the cloud.
Security is crucial for both IT operations and DevOps. But because each role focuses on different processes, it has somewhat different priorities when it comes to security.
DevOps security is oriented around keeping software delivery tools, such as CI servers and source code management platforms, secure. DevOps teams are also often expected to help design application architectures that maximize security.
In contrast, because IT operations are focused more on what happens within production environments, the role of ITOps teams in security is geared toward detecting and responding to security incidents that arise after applications have been deployed into production.
It's worth noting that traditionally, neither ITOps nor DevOps teams are expected to be security experts on their own. To optimize, they are supposed to collaborate with security experts through a model known as DevSecOps.
So, do you need ITOps or DevOps?
The answer for most modern businesses is that they need both. IT operations is critical for delivering basic IT services and functions to the business. Meanwhile, DevOps helps optimize software delivery processes and ensure that ITOps aligns with broader digital initiatives, such as the development of new applications.
That said, there are situations where a business doesn't need DevOps and can rely just on IT operations:
There are also cases where DevOps alone might be sufficient:
Unless your organization falls into one of these categories, however, it will most likely benefit from having both an IT operations team and a DevOps team to help optimize different parts of its IT strategy.
To contextualize our comparison of ITOps and DevOps, let's look at some common questions about how the practices relate.
The main benefit of DevOps is that it accelerates the process of software delivery by automating the workflow and shortening the development life cycle. This leads to a faster time-to-market, allowing companies to respond quickly to customer feedback and market trends. In addition, DevOps can increase efficiency through automation.
The main benefit of IT operations is that it lays the foundation for the healthy and strategic use of IT resources. Without some form of ITOps (which could include outsourced ITOps), it would be impossible for businesses to leverage basic digital resources, like PCs, servers, and cloud computing.
It doesn't make sense to say that DevOps is "better" or "worse" than IT operations. Each function has somewhat different goals and areas of focus, and each complements the organization in a different way.
Yes! As we explain above, DevOps and IT operations complement each other (and IT operations are a prerequisite for DevOps), so the two functions commonly go hand-in-hand.
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Kamal Rastogi is a serial IT entrepreneur with 25 yrs plus experience. Currently his focus area is Data Science business, ERP Consulting, IT Staffing and Experttal.com (Fastest growing US based platform to hire verified / Risk Compliant Expert IT resources from talent rich countries like India, Romania, Philippines etc...directly). His firms service clients like KPMG, Deloitte, EnY, Samsung, Wipro, NCR Corporation etc in India and USA.
